Auger.



A. H. HOWLAND.

. AUGER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. s, 1909.

955,303, Patented Apr.19,19 10.

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HQlVLAND, 9F NE'W YGBIK, N. X.

AUGEB.

To all whom it mag/concern:

-a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the .city ofWorcester, county of 'VVorcester, and State of Massachusetts, haveinvented a new and useful Bit or Auger, of

' whichthe following is a specification, referonce being had to theaccompanying ings, in which-- ,Figure 1 illustrates a sectional viewthrough a portion of the felly of a wheel, with the tenon on the end ofa spoke confined in a hole bored in the felly with a bit ,or anger madeunder this invention. Fig fi, illustrates a View, partly in elevation,and partly in vertical section, of a tool embodying the invention,showing the position of the parts at the commencement of the boringoperation; Fig. 3 illustrates a view similar to Fig. 2, showing theposition of the parts at vthe completion of the boring operation; Fig.lillustrates a plan iew of the frame which ,actuatcs the controllerlever. Fig.

draw- 5 illustrates adetail of certain of the parts.

- The invention contemplates new and useful improvements inibits orangers whereby the cutting edge'of the tool will gradually lowing.

expand as it is led or forced into the material in which it'isdesir'edltojborethe hole, with the result that the walls of thehole'will themselves diverge, in other words, he tapered. The invention issuch, moreover, thatwith the same tool, a straight or an expanding holemay be bored, and the holes may have a fixed rate of expansion, as maybe useful when the tool is to be used for one particular kind of workthroughout its life; or they may have different rates of expansion,depending upon the shape and location of the parts which determine thesefeatures, as will be readily understood from the folholes to be boredmay also be varied. The variations ment oned are desirable since theyadapt the tool to miscellaneous aswellas regular work.

I accomplish the aboye-mentioned results by constructing the bit orauger, with its cutting and controlling parts made substantially asshown in the accompanying drawings. Other equivalent constructions maybe employed for bits or augers intended for special work, but that shownin the drawings will illustrate the principles applicable.

to all.

Also the initial diameters of the.

Specification of Letters Yatent. ,Bafiqqgntgd 191, ifififi,

Application filed April 8,

1909. Serial No. 488,555.

j Referring to the drawings, in Fig. 1, 1, 1, represent the two halvesof'the tenon of a spoke 2 entered into an expanded hole 'bored' in thefolly 3 of a large wheel and spread therein by the introduction of awedge 4: in a split or saw'kerfmade in the end of the "spoke.

Referring now to the other figures, '5 represents the shank of anordinary expan-- sion'bit; Githe knife or cutterfll' the clamp 'plate,8theclamp screw, 9' the;leading gim let point. All these parts are,v ormay be as usual.

10 is a lug made on the side ofthe shank which is slotted in itsvertical axis. V

11 area series of undercut notches made in, the upper edge of the knifein. which a cross pin 12 engages which. spansthe bifurcated lower end ofa lever 13, ,which is fuleimmed at 14 in the'lug' 10. The lever 13 which51 call the controller isslotted at 15 where the fulcrum pin. goesthrough it, so that asthe lower end or the lever .lllOVflS outwardly;the entire lever may slide downward, thus avoiding any jamming in theparts which would'otherwise occur if the radial movement wasconsiderable, which is apt tojbe the,case in bits adapted to the-rangeof size variation vcommon in expansion bits.

"The above described parts are all that constitute the bit or augerproper, but in order that the cutter 6 may be made to move radially asthe bit or auger is drawn or forced into the material in which the holeis beingbored, various mechanical devices maybe employed, one form ofwhich is shown in the drawings. It is composedof the following elements.16 represents a ring that rests on the surface of the material in whichthe hole is to be bored, 7 a smaller ring which encircles the shank 5and 18 one or more connections between the two. When the bit or anger isplaced against the material and all the parts are, for example, in theposition shown in Fig. 2, then-the shank being revolved, the cutter orknife will cut away the material and allof the bit proper will begradually drawn-into the hole thus being bored; but while this is'beingdone, the encircling-rings '16.;and 17 with theirconnections lSfcannot.enter the hole, on the .contrary, these partsrest against the sur--"face of the material while the bit or auger is gradually drawnorforced down through them, and as this takes place, theupper end ofthelever 13 is gradually forced toward the shank by the encircling upperring 17 and the lower armof this lever is corres ondin'gly. forcedradially outward, and t us the cutter 6 is ,made to move radially andcut a circle having a constantlyincreasing diameter and thus theexpanded hole is bored. I prefer to make the notches in the upper ed 0of the knife undercut, as shown,

so that t ere will be more reliable engage,

. ment between the cross pin 12 of the lever and these notches.

. knife as will give the hole the desired diameter.

' In order that thetool may be used as an ordinary expansion bit, 'Iprefer to make the upper ring 17 of such size that when the knlfe andthe lever are removed from the shank, the encirclingstandard will dropoff from the end thereof, thus leaving the tool the constructionillustrated and described.

P in the condition of an ordinary expansion 30 *n will be obvious tothose who so romiliar with such matters that the details of may bedeparted from and still the essentials of the invention be retained. Itherefore do not limit myself to such details.

I claim: p

1. In a tool of the class stated, a shank, a cutter carried by the shankand radially Other equivalent coni ns may be employed for all these.

senses J movable relative to it, a controller lever proit and a devicecarried by the shank and which engages the upper member of thecontroller lever and past which the latter moves when the tool isoperated.

2. In a tool of the class stated, a shank, a cutter carried by the shankand radially movable relative to it, a series of notches upon the upperedge of the cutter, a controller lever pivotally supported upon theshank and provided at its lower end with means whereby it may engagewith the notches on the edge of the cutter and a de vice supported bythe shank and which engages with the upper end of the lever and pastwhich the latter moves when the tool is operated.

3. In a tool of the class stated,a shank,

cutter carried by the shank and ra 'ally movable relative to it, acontra; :er iever provided with a slot and pivotall supported throughthe slot upon the shank, means upon the cutter and upon the lower end ofthe lever, whereby the two may be adjustably engaged with each other anda device .carried by the shank and which engages with the controllerlever and past which the latter moves when the tool 15 operated.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of 7 two subscribing witnesses.

y ARTHUR H. HQWLAND. Witnesses:

GEORGE A. GA'sKxLL, FRANCES H. BENNETT.

